Robert Leonard

Contemporary Art Writer And Curator

Wunderkind

March 3, 2020

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Last week, I was up in Auckland, interviewing artist Zac Langdon-Pole before a gathering of the faithful. The event was presented in conjunction with his Michael Lett show, Interbeing. I enjoyed it.

Two months earlier, I knew little about the young, high-flying, Berlin-based New Zealand artist—a winner of the 2018 Ars Viva Prize and the 2019 winner of the seventh BMW Art Journey. To prepare for the interview, I devoured Constellations, a new monograph covering the last six years of his work. As I ploughed through it, like a student cramming for a test, I found Langdon-Pole’s project erudite, juggling myriad knowledge systems—scientific, cultural, historical—through works that take ever-different forms. Brilliant and informative, the book yielded much, too much, leaving me gasping for air, with little space for my own speculations and responses. When I set foot in the Interbeing show, however, my experience of the work was very different.

Langdon-Pole had been making photograms of sprinkled sand, collected from various locations. While the locations were distinctive, the photograms were largely indistinguishable. In the show, some were presented at original scale, some were enlarged, one to mural scale. Perversely, these shallow images suggested the sublimity of deep space—with tiny sand grains standing in for solar masses—and the history of human endeavours to make sense of it. (I recalled a Cerith Wyn Evans text work, referring to astronomers confusing specks of dust on their photos with faint stars millions of light years away.) The enlargements were rhetorically impressive, but contained no extra information, as in the film Blow-Up, where successive enlargements of a possible-murder-scene photo offer no further clues, revealing only the grain of the negative itself.

Langdon-Pole had also been messing about with anatomical teaching models. For Orbits (2019), he replaced the eyeballs in two paired eye-socket models with glassy spheres—one pair had spheres containing a dandelion head and petrified sequoia wood, the other a dandelion head and rainbow obsidian. There was a disjunction between the time frames implied by the ephemeral dandelions (albeit frozen) and the other materials, but what this had to do with eyes was hard to see. The Orbits seemed to be non sequiturs; pointless, but provocative, puzzling, poetic. In Cleave Study (2019), Langdon-Pole grafted a model of a human tongue onto a xenophora shell, as if a tongue like mine had taken the place of the shell’s former inhabitant. The xenophora is a curious thing. As its shell grows, it fuses with things in its vicinity, particularly other shells—it’s a collage artist, an appropriator. But was the artist’s idea that the shell had colonised a human tongue or vice versa?

I lingered longest with Assimilation Study (2020). Painted wooden blocks—squares, circles, half circles, stars, wedges—were scattered in a perspex-topped display case. They came from that common educational shape-sorting toy that teaches tots not to put square pegs into round holes. It took a moment to notice that Langdon-Pole had switched out a piece. A wooden wedge had been replaced with a piece of Campo del Cielo meteorite tooled to the same dimensions. Over four billion years ago, this nickel-iron extraterrestrial had been part of the core of a small planet that broke apart. It fell to Earth around 4,000 years ago, landing in what is now Argentina. In Langdon-Pole’s work, it’s as if this alien artefact has infiltrated the common children’s game to hide in plain sight. The work draws attention to the way the game prioritises shape at the expense of other (here, more profound) factors. (Perhaps, as two blocks are star shaped—and as the work is surrounded by photograms that look like night skies—it’s easy to think of the blocks as a constellation in which a meteorite might already feel at home.)

Assimilation Study set me thinking. I recalled the nineteenth-century inventor of kindergarten, Friedrich Fröbel, and his ‘gifts’ for children, which include building blocks. He also happened to be the crystallographer who wrote ‘my rocks and crystals served me as a mirror wherein I might descry mankind, and man’s development and history’. I thought of Stanley Kubrick’s film 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968), where minimalist monoliths of ancient alien origin—some passing through the cosmos—prompt giant leaps in human education. And I remembered a 1993 Michael Parekōwhai work that enlarged and repurposed the very same children’s game, but to different ends. In his allegorical installation—Epiphany: Matiu 2:9 ‘The Star in the East Went before Them’—the star blocks prompt us to think of the star that heralded the messiah, but also to consider how this might be re-understood within te ao Māori.

In retrospect, none of these connections are totally irrelevant. Or, rather, the work begs the question ‘what is relevant?’ That meteorite had been flying through space for aeons—aeons before Langdon-Pole, before Parekōwhai, before Kubrick, before shape-sorter blocks, before Fröbel, before Christ, before humans—but on a collision course with us anyway, addressed to us before we even existed. And now, here, retooled, it comes to rest in Langdon-Pole’s work at Michael Lett’s gallery in 2020. Has it been domesticated by the artist, drawn into his game, or does it highlight his/our hubris, his/our presumption to intellectually frame it, albeit momentarily? Is he assimilating it or is it assimilating us? Langdon-Pole relativises frameworks—even his own.
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It Simply Is

December 6, 2019

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City Gallery is currently screening Daisies, an experimental, feminist feature film by Czech new-wave director Věra Chytilová, made in 1966. See it, if you can. It runs until 13 April 2020.

This female buddy movie follows the exploits of two young women, both called Marie, as they prank silly old men, conspicuously consume, and speculate on their existence. Their hedonism and irresponsibility was a rebuff to the bleakness of life in communist Czechoslovakia, and the film was initially banned for the wanton waste of its food fights and milk baths. Here, feminism holds hands with consumerism.

It’s hard to get a fix on the protagonists. They act like dolls or robots—but malfunctioning ones, off mission. They are adorable yet obnoxious, pretty but unladylike, mischievous yet vacuous, trapped but free. They scramble anarchic feminist agency with coquettish sex-object appeal. In Artforum, critic J. Hoberman described them as ‘all impulse and appetite, with food substituting for sex’.

Daisies exemplifies its mid-1960s counterculture moment: a time of underground movies, happenings, street theatre, nudism, bagism, body art, psychedelia, free sex, and feminism. It’s experimental and rebellious in its content, but also in its form, with disorienting, gimmicky special effects—often seemingly pursued for their sheer novelty. The anarchic filmmaker was out to break as many rules as her heroines. Daisies is, in many ways, confounding and unreadable. Hoberman writes, ‘the film does not lend itself to decoding. On a primary level, it simply is.’

Why screen Daisies now? Aside from it being an amazing romp of a film, it’s also an interesting space-time capsule from which to consider our current moment, as feminism, sexism, and capitalism cleave unto one another.
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Living and Dying—the Same Thing

December 1, 2019

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Life is a sexually transmitted disease and the mortality rate is one hundred percent.
—R.D. Laing
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Who Am I?

I am a contemporary-art curator and writer, and Director of the Institute of Modern Art, Brisbane. I have held curatorial posts at Wellington’s National Art Gallery, New Plymouth’s Govett-Brewster Art Gallery, Dunedin Public Art Gallery, Auckland Art Gallery, and, most recently, City Gallery Wellington, and directed Auckland’s Artspace. My shows include Headlands: Thinking through New Zealand Art for Sydney’s Museum of Contemporary Art (1992); Action Replay: Post-Object Art for Artspace, Govett-Brewster Art Gallery, and Auckland Art Gallery (1998); and Mixed-Up Childhood for Auckland Art Gallery (2005). My City Gallery shows include Yvonne Todd: Creamy Psychology (2014), Julian Dashper & Friends (2015), Francis Upritchard: Jealous Saboteurs (2016), Colin McCahon: On Going Out with the Tide (2017), John Stezaker: Lost World (2017), This Is New Zealand (2018), Iconography of Revolt (2018), Semiconductor: The Technological Sublime (2019), Oracles (2020), Zac Langdon-Pole: Containing Multitudes (2020), and Judy Millar: Action Movie (2021). I curated New Zealand representation for Brisbane’s Asia-Pacific Triennial in 1999, the Sao Paulo Biennale in 2002, and the Venice Biennale in 2003 and 2015. I am co-publisher of the imprint Bouncy Castle.

Contact

BouncyCastleLeonard@gmail.com
+61 452252414

This Website

I made this website to offer easy access to my writings. Texts have been edited and tweaked. Where I’ve found mistakes, I’ve corrected them.

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Selected Writings

2025

  • Susan King

2024

  • Miguel Aquilizan: Mutagenesis
  • Sarah Poulgrain: Take Me to the River
  • Ralph Hotere: Taranaki Gate Stations

2023

  • Brent Harris: Hidden Figures
  • Michael Zavros: The Devil’s in the Detail
  • The Last Word
  • Kathy Barry: Within You Without You
  • Anselm Kiefer Has Left the Building
  • Tia Ranginui: My Other’s Other

2022

  • Giovanni Intra: The Light that Burns Twice as Brightly
  • Brett Graham: Art of Forbearance
  • Divergent
  • Brent Wong: Twilight Zone
  • Brett Graham: Ark of Forbearance
  • Julian Dashper: Are You Talking to Me?
  • Yvonne Todd and Geoffrey Heath: Mould in the Lens
  • John and Jane
  • Simon Ingram with Terrestrial Assemblages: Machine in the Garden
  • Venice for Beginners
  • Zac Langdon-Pole: Hurry Slowly
  • John Currin: Part of the Problem
  • John Lethbridge: Escape the Flames

2021

  • Robin White: The Tide Turns
  • Telly Tuita: Telly Vision
  • Brett Graham: Written on the Wind
  • Florian Habicht: Everything Is Kapai
  • Andrew Beck: Photography Backwards
  • Judy Millar: Paint, Canvas, Action
  • Julian Dashper: Autumn 1989
  • Yona Lee: Fix and Fit
  • Tia Ranginui: Gonville Gothic
  • In Memory of Bill Hammond 1947–2021
  • Wellness versus Art
  • Susan King: Address Unknown
  • Michael Zavros: Zeus/Zavros

2020

  • Zac Langdon-Pole: Containing Multitudes
  • Isabella Loudon: Concrete Mixer
  • Zac Langdon-Pole: Rabbit Hole
  • Kirsty Lillico: Let Me Tell You About My Mother
  • Steve Carr: Taking the Fun out of Fireworks
  • Explaining Peter Peryer to a Dead Hare
  • Stuart Ringholt: Committing Time
  • John Stezaker: A Ship’s Steering Wheel and a Hangman’s Noose
  • Gavin Hipkins: No Place (Like Home)

2019

  • Brent Harris: Sincere Disconnect
  • Colin McCahon: Numerals
  • City Chief
  • Stanley Kubrick: 2001
  • Patrick Pound: Slender Threads

2018

  • Questioning Revolt
  • The People vs. Kelley Walker
  • Eva Rothschild: The Difference a K Makes
  • Patrick Pound: The Collector’s Shadow
  • Jono Rotman: Our Enduring Image of Strength
  • This Is New Zealand
  • Ian Scott: Enzed Dead Zone

2017

  • Gavin Hipkins: The Revenant
  • John Stezaker: Twice Removed
  • Michael Parekowhai: The Empire of Light
  • Colin McCahon: On Going Out with the Tide

2016

  • Gavin Hipkins: Wives Are Scarce
  • Mikala Dwyer: Psychoplastic
  • Corita Kent: Sister Act
  • Laith McGregor: Ramblin’ Man
  • Francis Upritchard: Adrift in Otherness
  • Fifteen Minutes, Twenty Years Later: Ann Shelton’s Redeye
  • Cindy Sherman: Everything and Its Opposite
  • Julian Dashper: Nothing Personal
  • When Artists Die
  • Bullet Time
  • Michael Zavros: Daddy’s Girl
  • Jacky Redgate: What Ever Happened to Baby Jacky?

2015

  • Julian Dashper & Friends
  • Love Not Given Lightly 
  • City Mission
  • Feel the Love in Venice
  • Simon Denny: Too Much Information
  • Steve Carr: Annabel

2014

  • Yvonne Todd: Cult Appeal
  • Viviane Sassen: Detail in the Shadows
  • Mikala Dwyer: Drawing Down the Moon
  • Promiscuous Collaborator
  • Stuart Ringholt: The Artist Will Be Naked
  • Curnow’s Leverage
  • Simon Starling: Please Explain
  • Ocula Conversation
  • Michael Zavros: What Now?

2013

  • Shane Cotton: The Treachery of Images
  • Geek Moment
  • On Curating
  • Craig Walsh: Elephant in the Room

2012

  • Re-Reading Julian Dashper’s The Big Bang Theory
  • Nostalgia for Intimacy
  • Don Driver 1930–2011

2011

  • Peter Madden: Orgasm and Trauma
  • Damiano Bertoli
  • Judy Millar
  • Unnerved: The New Zealand Project
  • Michael Zavros: Charm Offensive

2010

  • Peter Robinson: Gravitas Lite
  • APT6: Nice Show
  • Scott Redford: It’s Complicated
  • Feminism Never Happened
  • Michael Stevenson: Gift Horse
  • Scott Redford vs. Michael Zavros
  • Taryn Simon’s Known Unknowns

2009

  • Vernon Ah Kee: Your Call
  • Biennale Makers
  • Hamish Keith: The Big Picture
  • Julian Dashper 1960–2009
  • Tomorrow Will Be the Same but Not as This Is
  • Jemima Wyman: The Declaration of Resemblance and Fluid Insurgents

2008

  • Hello Darkness: New Zealand Gothic
  • Vivian Lynn’s Playground Series
  • Archives Become Him: The Giovanni Intra Archive
  • The Dating Show
  • Diena Georgetti: Parallel Existence

2007

  • Katharina Grosse: Mist and Mud
  • Julian Dashper: Mural for a Contemporary House 4
  • Scott Redford: Pop Haiku
  • Grey Water
  • Yvonne Todd: Why Beige?

2006

  • Jim Speers: Outdoor Cinema
  • Curator/Surfer
  • Gordon Walters: Form Becomes Sign
  • Et Al.’s Neo-Brutalist Playground
  • Hany Armanious: Catalogue of Errors

2005

  • Mixed-Up Childhood
  • Yvonne Todd
  • Michael Smither: Print Friendly
  • AES+F: We Are the World, We Are the Children
  • Stella Brennan: History Curator
  • Michael Parekowhai: Kapa Haka Pakaka
  • At the End of New Zealand Art
  • Judy Millar: I … Would Like to Express
  • Ian Scott: Jump Over Girl

2004

  • Mike Parr: Portrait of M and F
  • Shane Cotton: Cultural Surrealist
  • Peter Robinson: The End of the Twentieth Century
  • Et Al., Jacqueline Fraser, Ronnie van Hout, and Daniel Von Sturmer: 2004 Walters Prize
  • Et Al.: Simultaneous Invalidations, Second Attempt
  • Judy Millar: Things Get Worse

2003

  • Terry Urbahn
  • Michael Stevenson: Call Me Immendorff
  • Bill Hammond
  • Michael Parekowhai
  • John Reynolds
  • Michael Stevenson
  • Michael Stevenson: This Is the Trekka
  • Peter Peryer

2002

  • Jim Speers: Everything Is in Two Minds
  • John Reynolds: A City Street. A Sign. Dusk.
  • Gavin Hipkins: The Colony

2001

  • John M. Armleder: Lovers Lane on Full Moon

2000

  • Ava Seymour: I’m So Green
  • Jim Allen: Contact
  • Stephen Bambury: Interview
  • Gavin Hipkins: The Crib
  • Michael Parekowhai: Patriotism
  • Michael Stevenson and Steven Brower: Genealogy

1999

  • Adrian Hall: Bricks in Aspic
  • Gavin Hipkins: The Guide
  • Stephen Bambury: Chakra
  • Patrick Pound: Landscape of Mirrors
  • William Kentridge
  • The End of Improvement: In Defence of Ava Seymour
  • Colin McCahon

1998

  • Te Papa: Papa’s Bag
  • Rudi Fuchs: Some Sun, Some Mist, Some Shadow
  • Gavin Hipkins, Ani O’Neill, Peter Robinson, and Jim Speers: Biennale of Sydney
  • Shane Cotton
  • Action Replay: Curators’ Introduction

1997

  • Ronnie Van Hout: Overimpressed
  • Pacific Sisters: Doing It for Themselves
  • Peter Robinson’s Strategic Plan
  • Dick Frizzell: Self Portrait as a Serious Artiste
  • Richard Killeen: Secret Handshake
  • John Nixon

1996

  • Edgar Roy Brewster: Where the Bee Sucks There Suck I
  • Peter Peryer: Second Nature
  • For Armchair Tourists

1995

  • 3.125% Pure: Peter Robinson Plays the Numbers Game

1994

  • Peter Tyndall
  • Dashper as Photographer
  • Julian Dashper and Michael Parekowhai: Perverse Homages
  • Michael Stevenson: Smokers Please
  • Michael Parekowhai: Kiss the Baby Goodbye

1993

  • Dick Frizzell: Beyond the Pale
  • Michael Smither: To My Father the Printer

1992

  • Sleeve Notes: Julian Dashper’s Greatest Hits
  • Derrick Cherrie: Two Interviews
  • James Ross: Damned Fine Paintings
  • How Far Can Curators Go?
  • Mod Cons
  • Cliff Whiting: Te Po, Te Whaiao, Te Ao Marama (From out of the Darkness, the World of Being, to the World of Light)
  • Making a Scene

1991

  • Merylyn Tweedie: Mixed Emotions
  • Michael Parekowhai: Against Purity
  • Marie Shannon: Something from Nothingness Comes

1990

  • Julian Dashper: Surf
  • Derrick Cherrie: First Impressions

1989

  • Nobodies: Adventures of the Generic Figure

1988

  • You Must Be Barbara Kruger!

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